This changed with the introduction of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in 1996. There was no standard process that ensured that the data was in compatible format and that only concerned persons were allowed access to it. The issue was that each hospital, healthcare unit, and medical center had its own format for storing and transporting their data. In the wrong hands, that information could have caused privacy issues for the patients. It was because the data included protected patient information (PPI) including the nature of disease, their bank details, SSN numbers and more. Only authorized personnel were allowed to carry medical records from one unit to the other or from one healthcare office to the brokerage firm. All that data was in printed format and instead of AES 256 bit encryption, it was protected through lockers, safes, and file covers. Around two decades ago, healthcare data was transferred from healthcare centers to insurance firms and brokerage houses through secured vehicles. If technology had not enabled us to move data in gigabytes, we would still be stuck with floppy disks and CDs, moving small chunks of data every day – which was a lot time consuming. Consider data in petabytes in one business unit of a company. We don’t have to wait days to get data transferred from one medium to the other. Technology has enabled us to exchange data rapidly.
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